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2009 MIPS/Philips
Molecular Imaging Seminar Series

Seminar 4:30 − 5:15 pm
Discussion 5:15 − 5:30 pm
Clark Auditorium, Bio-X
Stanford University Campus

You will need the free RealPlayer to view the webcast of lectures.

Download the MIPS Molecular Imaging Seminar 2009 Poster .

Current Molecular Imaging Seminar - 2009
Archived Molecular Imaging Seminars 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2003-2004
Invited Speakers
January 5, 2009
February 2, 2009
March 9, 2009
April 6, 2009
May 11, 2009
June 1, 2009
June 8, 2009
June 15, 2009
July 13, 2009
August 10, 2009
September 14, 2009
October 12, 2009
November 23, 2009
December 7, 2009
CANCELLED
Jeff Bulte, PhD
Juri Gelovani, MD, PhD - View Webcast
Robert H. Mach, PhD - View Webcast
Alexander L. (Sasha) Kalibanov, PhD
Duane A. Mitchell, MD, PhD - View Webcast
Bertrand Tavitian, MD - View Webcast
Kurt Zinn, DVM, PhD
Steven Conolly, PhD
CANCELLED
CANCELLED
Raymond Kim, MD
John M Canty, Jr, MD
Robert Jeraj
Jan 5, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Mike Tweedle
President
Bracco Research USA, Inc.,
Peptide Targeted Molecular Imaging Agents

Abstract:
CANCELLED
Jan 12, 2009 TBD
Jan 26, 2009 Cellular Responses to Nucleotide Depletion
Beverly Mitchell, George E. Becker Professor in Medicine and Professor, by courtesy, of Chemical and Systems Biology, Dept. of Medicine Oncology
Feb 2, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Jeff Bulte, PhD
Jeff Bulte, PhD
Prof. Radiology, Biomed Eng And Chem & Biomol Eng
Dir, Cellular Imaging Section, Institute for Cell Engineering
Johns Hopkins
MR-Guided Cell Delivery and Cell Tracking: From Imaging to Intervention

Abstract:
The clinical development of novel immune and stem cell therapies calls for suitable methods that can follow the fate of cells non-invasively in humans at high resolution. Our lab has developed several methods to label cells magnetically (using tiny superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) in order to make them visible by MR imaging. Following years of extensive animal research, in 2005 this technology was introduced in the clinic uaing dendritic cell cancer vaccines. MRI cell tracking is further pursued in animal models of de- and dys-myelination, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, spinal cord injury, stroke, and cardiovascular disease.

Novel reporter genes are also being developed that can provide contrast on MRI scans. Artificial proteins are being designed, cloned, and expressed in mammalian cells that contain specific proton exchangable groups of which the proton signal can be manipulated. Instead of directly labeling cells, we have also shown that semi-permeable alginate microcapsules can be loaded with multimodal contrast agents while offering simultaneous immunoprotection of cellular therapeutics. While the Bulte lab is primarily doing basic and pre-clinical research, there is a strong interaction with the clinical interventional radiology and oncology groups in order to bring the methodologies into the clinic.
Feb 23, 2009 Affibody Based PET Probes for Cancer Molecular Imaging
Zhen Cheng, PhD
Asstistant Professor of Radiology, Stanford
Mar 9, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Juri Gelovani, MD, PhD
Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center
View Webcast
Imaging HIF-1 and its significance in tumor biology

Abstract:
The current presentation will discuss the mechanism and spatio-temporal dynamics of HIF-1 mediated responses to radiation in well characterized tumor reporter cell lines stably transfected with a bifunctional genetic reporter consisting of herpes simplex virus 1-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) under transcriptional control of multiple tandem repeats of the hypoxia response element (Serganova et al., 2004; Wen et al., 2004). Repetitive, non-invasive whole body molecular-genetic PET imaging of HIF-1 signaling in mice is achieved through selective retention in tumors of 18F-labeled reporter substrate 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-1-D-arabionofuranosyl-5-ethyl-uracil (FEAU). Our hypothesis was that selective HIF-1 therapy potentially provides a wider spectrum of radiosensitizing effects than inhibition of individual downstream effectors, with fewer available mechanisms for resistance. In sharp contrast to mechanisms suggested by the prior report by Moeller, et al, (2004), our results indicate that tumor cell HIF-1 signaling is closely associated with microenvironmental ischemia. Specifically, we demonstrate in monolayer cultures and multicellular spheroids that radiation inhibits HIF-1 transcriptional activity in a dose dependent manner up to 16 Gy. In sharp contrast, in vivo irradiation of HIF-reporter tumor xenografts with 8 Gy yields delayed hypoxia-dependent upregulation of HIF-1 signaling at 48 hours. Functional MRI, power Doppler ultrasound, and immunohistochemical in situ analysis demonstrate that the delayed upregulation of HIF-1 signaling and VEGF production in the tumor cell compartment is induced by radiation-specific disruption of stromal endothelium and vascular integrity, and by the subsequent loss of perfusion and increased ischemia. This secondary ischemia-induced upregulation of HIF-1 signaling in tumor cells serves as the adaptive mechanism for stromal revascularization responsible for tumor resistance to radiotherapy. Further proof of this mechanism was provided by inhibition of HIF-1 signaling using the selective inhibitor PX-478 (Welsh et al., 2004), which suppressed adaptive tumor revascularization and sensitized tumors to radiation. Taken together, these data clearly demonstrate that tumor radioresistance is mediated by tumor-stromal interactions and by the capacity of tumor to compensate for radiation-induced vascular collapse and ischemia through secondary upregulation of HIF-1 dependent pro-angiogenic signaling. Selective inhibition of HIF-1 mediated VEGF signaling is a promising strategy for restoring tumor radiosensitivity.
Mar 16, 2009 Intravascular Ultrasound
Paul Yock, MD
Martha Meier Weiland Professor, Bioengineering and Medicine
Director, Program in Biodesign, Stanford University
Mar 23, 2009 TBD
Nick Denko, Stanford
Apr 6, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Robert H. Mach, PhD
Prof. Radiology
Washington Univ. School of Medicine
View Webcast
The Sigma-2 Receptor: a Biomarker for Imaging the Proliferative Status of Solid Tumors

Abstract:
The development of radiotracers for imaging cell proliferation in solid tumors has focused on radiolabeled thymidine analogs which measure the salvage pathway of DNA synthesis. However, since thymidine analogs provide a measure the S phase fraction of a tumor, they are unable to discriminate between proliferating cells in G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle and cancer cells driven into quiescence (G0) by nutrient deprivation and hypoxia. This talk will focus on the characterization of the sigma-2 receptor as a Ki-67-like biomarker for imaging cell proliferation, and the development of radiotracers for imaging the sigma-2 receptor status of solid tumors in vivo with Positron Emission Tomography (PET).
Apr 27, 2009 Planar cell polarity: from cells to tissues to organisms
Jeff Axelrod
Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Stanford.
May 4, 2009 18F-labeled RGD peptides: an update
Scott Liu (Chen lab)
May 11, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Alexander L. (Sasha) Kalibanov, PhD
Alexander L. (Sasha) Kalibanov, PhD
Prof, Div of CV Med & Dept of Biomed Eng
University of Virginia
Targeted Microbubbles - Ultrasound Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging and Drug Delivery

Abstract:
Ultrasound traditionally (8-15 years ago) was regarded as an imaging modality unfit for targeted/molecular imaging. However, microbubble contrast agents can be decorated with targeting ligands, and ligand-targeted bubbles do attach to the receptor-coated surfaces quite effectively. Clinical ultrasound imaging systems allow detection of individual microbubbles (with micrometer size and picogram mass). Therefore, molecular imaging with ultrasound contrast agents is feasible.
June 1, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Duane A. Mitchell, MD, PhD
Duane A. Mitchell, MD, PhD
Asst. Prof., Neurology
Assoc. Dir., Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program
View Webcast
Adoptive Cellular Therapy for Treatment of Malignant Glioma: Opportunities for Bioimaging
June 8, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Bertrand Tavitian, MD
Bertrand Tavitian, MD
Prof. Biochem
Head, Laboratoire d'Imagerie moléculaire expérimentale (Experimental Molecular imaging Lab) at the CEA-Inserm in Orsay, France View Webcast
Molecular imaging with oligonucleotides

Abstract:
Molecular Imaging can assess gene expression non–invasively, repeatedly and quantitatively in living subjects. Pharmaco-Imaging of oligonucleotides allows quantifying in 3-D and in the whole bodies of animals and Humans the bio-distribution time course of antisense, aptamers, interfering RNAs, ribozymes, etc. The methodology and examples of applications for the assessment of targeting and delivery of oligonucleotides will be presented.

Use of oligonucleotides as diagnostic contrast agents is a longer way ahead of us and remains still an open question. It will require that a sufficient contrast is obtained in vivo and a correlation between tracer and target concentrations, two issues that are yet to be demonstrated.
June 15, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Kurt Zinn, DVM, PhD
Kurt Zinn, DVM, PhD
Prof. Rad, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB)
Cancer Therapy Targeting Death Receptor 5

Abstract:
TBD
June 29, 2009 Targeted Molecular Imaging, a Random and a Rational Approach
Julie Sutcliffe, Ph.D,
Associate Professor, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, CA
July 6, 2009 A Cell-compatible Condensation Reaction for Controlled In Vivo Synthesis of Nanostructures
Marybeth Pysz, Willmann lab

Clinically-Translatable Microbubbles for Cancer Detection and Monitoring with Molecular Ultrasound
Gaolin Liang, Rao Lab
July 13, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Steven Conolly, PhD
Steven Conolly, PhD
UC Berkeley Bioengineering
Chair, UCSF/UC Berkeley Graduate Group in BioE
Vice Chair of Undergraduate Affairs
Instrumentation for MRI and Magnetic Nano-Particle Imaging

Abstract:
My research group at Berkeley focuses on instrumentation advances for medical imaging, with a special emphasis in magnetic imaging methods. Here I will overview two recent research projects, conducted in collaboration with Stanford researchers.

Magnetic Nano-Particle Imaging is a brand new imaging modality that offers 300 micron resolution, no attenuation with depth, and has great promise for 100-fold increase in Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) relative to MRI using an FDA-approved SPIO contrast agent. This could be useful for stem cell tracking in vivo, inflammation imaging, angiography, and cancer imaging. My group has built the first MPI scanner in North America.

PG Foam for High Field MRI Shimming we have developed a new composite material that matches a human's magnetic susceptibility. We use pyrolytic graphite micro-crystals embedded in a comfortable closed cell foam. We plan to use this to improve the main field homogeneity to 1 ppm despite the 9 ppm field inhomogeneity introduced at the air-tissue interface. This is the level of homogeneity needed for fast imaging, and robust detection of breast cancer.
July 20, 2009 Multimodality Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms
Monica Dua, MD, Dalman Lab
July 27, 2009 TBD
Aug 3, 2009 Molecular profiling of tumor angiogenesis with ultrasound
Nirupama Suresh DeshPande, Willmann Lab

Molecular Imaging of Malignant Melanoma Using Peptide and Small Molecule Based PET Probes
Gang Ren, Cheng Lab
Aug 10, 2009
Clark Auditorium

TBD
TBD

Abstract:
CANCELLED
Aug 17, 2009 Optogenetics: development and application
Karl Deisseroth, MD, PhD
Associate Professor of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University
Aug 24, 2009 Optical Imaging to Guide Surgical Resection of Head and Neck Cancer
Eben Rosenthal, PhD
Julius Hicks Professor of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham
Aug 31, 2009 Molecular Imaging of Cancer Metastases and the Pre-metastatic Niche
Carolyn Anderson, PhD
Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
Sept 14, 2009
Clark Auditorium

TBD
TBD

Abstract:
CANCELLED
Sept 21, 2009 Imaging metabolic reprogramming in cancer
Nicholas Denko, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor, Dept. of Radiology Oncology, Stranford
Sept 28, 2009 TBD
Oct 5, 2009 Noninvasive imaging of human pluripotent stem cell derived teratomas
Ning Sun, Wu Lab
Multiple Antigen Peptides (MAPs) Strategy for Molecular Probe Design: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Multivalent-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Analogs with MicroPET
Simon Liu, Cheng lab
Oct 12, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Raymond  Kim, MD
Raymond Kim, MD
Assoc. Prof., Medicine
Duke University
Assessment of Myocardial Viability with Cardiac MRI (with introduction to CMR imaging concepts)

Abstract
Myocardial viability is defined as the presence of living heart muscle cells (myocytes), irrespective of whether or not these myocytes are actually able to contract. The identification of viable myocytes which are unable to contract is an important clinical issue. For example, percutaneous coronary intervention with the goal of revascularization is often performed with the expectation that regions of contractile dysfunction are viable and therefore will recover. Similarly, coronary artery bypass surgery is also expected to ameliorate dysfunctional regions provided that the cells remain viable. Revascularization of non-viable regions, conversely, does not improve contractile dysfunction and in this setting the procedure itself may be contraindicated by the small but finite risk of intervention.

Traditionally, myocardial viability is assessed by dobutamine echocardiography or radionuclide scintigraphy. A number of MRI approaches to the clinical question of viability have been described in the literature, including dobutamine cine imaging performed in a manner similar to dobutamine echocardiography, spectroscopic imaging of nuclei such as phosphorus, sodium, and potassium, and straightforward geometric indices such as wall thickness and/or thickening; but these methods have limitations and have seen only limited clinical use. Recent advances in MRI techniques to visualize contrast enhancement patterns in the heart, however, have stimulated a growing body of evidence that suggests that delayed contrast-enhanced MRI may well be the "gold standard" approach to noninvasively image myocardial viability. This seminar will explore basic imaging principles in the evaluation of reversible and irreversible myocardial injury and compare delayed-enhancement MRI with currently available techniques for the assessment of myocardial viability.
Oct 19, 2009 TBD
Philip Yang
Cardiovascular Med., Stanford
Oct 26, 2009 From Radiological Image-guided to Biological Image Guided Radiation Therapy
Lei Xing
Professor, Stanford University School of Medicine
Nov 2, 2009 Protein Scaffold Based Probes for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Molecular Imaging
Zheng Miao, PhD, Cheng Lab

Synthesis and Evaluation of PET Radiotracers Targeting CA-IX for Hypoxia Imaging
Sandeep Apte, PhD, Graves Lab
Nov 9, 2009
Clark Auditorium

TBD
TBD

Abstract:
CANCELLED
Nov 16, 2009 TBD
Minal Vasanawala
Stanford Nuclear Medicine VA Clinic
Nov 23, 2009
Clark Auditorium

John M Canty, Jr, MD
Albert and Elizabeth Rekate Prof
Chief, Cardiovascular Medicine
Vice Chair for Research, Dept of Medicine University at Buffalo
Molecular Imaging of Viable Chronically Dysfunctional Myocardium

Abstract:
There has been substantial progress in the diagnosis and management of patients with symptomatic ischemic heart disease. Nevertheless, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) due to ventricular fibrillation continues to be the leading cause of mortality. While we understand how to identify the highest risk patients with heart failure and can prevent arrhythmic death using implantable defibrillators, the majority of SCA events occur in patients with lower risk and normal or relatively preserved LV function. Indeed, nearly one in three patients present with SCA as their first and only manifestation of heart disease. Postmortem evaluation of these patients identifies diffuse coronary disease which is frequently without evidence of coronary plaque instability. Thus total thrombotic occlusion and/or evidence of acute infarction (as well as healed infarction) are commonly absent. Identifying these patients before SCA remains a major problem in cardiovascular medicine where there has been little if any progress.

Our laboratory has demonstrated that chronic reversible ischemia can lead to myocyte remodeling in the absence of infarction or scar that allows the heart to downregulate energy utilization and function resulting in the phenomenon of "hibernating myocardium". While adapted to ischemia, the molecular remodeling in hibernating myocardium leads to a substrate that is vulnerable to SCA from spontaneous ventricular tachycardia degenerating into ventricular fibrillation. Like patients with SCA, VT/VF develops in the absence of acute or chronic infarction. We hypothesize that asymptomatic repetitive myocardial ischemia leads to a similar molecular remodeling in patients who die of SCA without prior cardiac symptoms, infarction or heart failure. A number of molecular targets of ischemia-induced remodeling have been identified using high-throughput proteomics. Using PET molecular imaging, we have demonstrated that the classic features of hibernating myocardium (reduced regional function, resting flow and increased myocardial glucose uptake assessed with 18F-2-deoxyflucose) are accompanied by pronounced regional inhomogeneity in myocardial sympathetic innervation with reduced 11C-meta-hydroxyephedrine (HED) uptake in presynaptic myocardial sympathetic nerves. While similar to the denervation occurring following myocardial infarction, reduced HED occurs in viable, perfused myocardial tissue and is associated with a regional attenuation in sympathetic nerve function. We have translated these preclinical observations to humans with ischemic cardiomyopathy in an ongoing clinical study (PAREPET, Prediction of Arrhythmic Events with Positron Emission Tomography). The PAREPET study will determine whether molecular imaging of myocardial sympathetic innervation, viability and flow can be used to more accurately predict patients with coronary artery disease that are at highest risk for SCA. The successful translation of findings from bench to bedside may lead to a unique new application of cardiac molecular imaging that can be employed to identify myocardial substrate remodeling that increase the risk of SCA in asymptomatic patients.
Nov 23, 2009 TBD
John M Canty, Jr, MD,
Department of Medicine University at Buffalo
Dec 7, 2009
Clark Auditorium

Robert Jeraj, PhD
Robert Jeraj, PhD
Assoc. Prof.
Univ. Wisc. Madison


Abstract:
Dec 14, 2009 TBD
Jeremy Pearl, Wu Lab
TBD
Arne Vandenbroucke, Levin Lab
Dec 21, 2009 TBD
Juergen Willman, MD, PhD
Assistant Professor of Radiology (section abdominal imaging), Stanford University School of Medicine

Sponsored by: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (mips.stanford.edu);
Host: Director, Sanjiv Sam Gambhir, MD, PhD (sgambhir@stanford.edu)
Supported by: GE Medical Systems (http://www.gehealthcare.com/worldwide.html)

Archived Molecular Seminar Series - 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2003-2004

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Updated November 20, 2009
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