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2009 MIPS/Philips
Seminar 4:30 − 5:15 pm |
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| Jan 5, 2009 Clark Auditorium Mike Tweedle President Bracco Research USA, Inc., |
Peptide Targeted Molecular Imaging Agents
Abstract: CANCELLED |
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| Jan 12, 2009 | TBD | ||||
| Jan 26, 2009 | Cellular Responses to Nucleotide Depletion Beverly Mitchell, George E. Becker Professor in Medicine and Professor, by courtesy, of Chemical and Systems Biology, Dept. of Medicine Oncology |
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| Feb 2, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Jeff Bulte, PhD Prof. Radiology, Biomed Eng And Chem & Biomol Eng Dir, Cellular Imaging Section, Institute for Cell Engineering Johns Hopkins |
MR-Guided Cell Delivery and Cell Tracking: From Imaging to Intervention
Abstract: The clinical development of novel immune and stem cell therapies calls for suitable methods that can follow the fate of cells non-invasively in humans at high resolution. Our lab has developed several methods to label cells magnetically (using tiny superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles) in order to make them visible by MR imaging. Following years of extensive animal research, in 2005 this technology was introduced in the clinic uaing dendritic cell cancer vaccines. MRI cell tracking is further pursued in animal models of de- and dys-myelination, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, spinal cord injury, stroke, and cardiovascular disease. Novel reporter genes are also being developed that can provide contrast on MRI scans. Artificial proteins are being designed, cloned, and expressed in mammalian cells that contain specific proton exchangable groups of which the proton signal can be manipulated. Instead of directly labeling cells, we have also shown that semi-permeable alginate microcapsules can be loaded with multimodal contrast agents while offering simultaneous immunoprotection of cellular therapeutics. While the Bulte lab is primarily doing basic and pre-clinical research, there is a strong interaction with the clinical interventional radiology and oncology groups in order to bring the methodologies into the clinic. |
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| Feb 23, 2009 | Affibody Based PET Probes for Cancer Molecular Imaging Zhen Cheng, PhD Asstistant Professor of Radiology, Stanford |
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| Mar 9, 2009 Clark Auditorium Juri Gelovani, MD, PhD Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center View Webcast 
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Imaging HIF-1 and its significance in tumor biology
Abstract: The current presentation will discuss the mechanism and spatio-temporal dynamics of HIF-1 mediated responses to radiation in well characterized tumor reporter cell lines stably transfected with a bifunctional genetic reporter consisting of herpes simplex virus 1-thymidine kinase (HSV-tk) and green fluorescent protein (GFP) under transcriptional control of multiple tandem repeats of the hypoxia response element (Serganova et al., 2004; Wen et al., 2004). Repetitive, non-invasive whole body molecular-genetic PET imaging of HIF-1 signaling in mice is achieved through selective retention in tumors of 18F-labeled reporter substrate 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-1-D-arabionofuranosyl-5-ethyl-uracil (FEAU). Our hypothesis was that selective HIF-1 therapy potentially provides a wider spectrum of radiosensitizing effects than inhibition of individual downstream effectors, with fewer available mechanisms for resistance. In sharp contrast to mechanisms suggested by the prior report by Moeller, et al, (2004), our results indicate that tumor cell HIF-1 signaling is closely associated with microenvironmental ischemia. Specifically, we demonstrate in monolayer cultures and multicellular spheroids that radiation inhibits HIF-1 transcriptional activity in a dose dependent manner up to 16 Gy. In sharp contrast, in vivo irradiation of HIF-reporter tumor xenografts with 8 Gy yields delayed hypoxia-dependent upregulation of HIF-1 signaling at 48 hours. Functional MRI, power Doppler ultrasound, and immunohistochemical in situ analysis demonstrate that the delayed upregulation of HIF-1 signaling and VEGF production in the tumor cell compartment is induced by radiation-specific disruption of stromal endothelium and vascular integrity, and by the subsequent loss of perfusion and increased ischemia. This secondary ischemia-induced upregulation of HIF-1 signaling in tumor cells serves as the adaptive mechanism for stromal revascularization responsible for tumor resistance to radiotherapy. Further proof of this mechanism was provided by inhibition of HIF-1 signaling using the selective inhibitor PX-478 (Welsh et al., 2004), which suppressed adaptive tumor revascularization and sensitized tumors to radiation. Taken together, these data clearly demonstrate that tumor radioresistance is mediated by tumor-stromal interactions and by the capacity of tumor to compensate for radiation-induced vascular collapse and ischemia through secondary upregulation of HIF-1 dependent pro-angiogenic signaling. Selective inhibition of HIF-1 mediated VEGF signaling is a promising strategy for restoring tumor radiosensitivity. |
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| Mar 16, 2009 | Intravascular Ultrasound Paul Yock, MD Martha Meier Weiland Professor, Bioengineering and Medicine Director, Program in Biodesign, Stanford University |
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| Mar 23, 2009 | TBD Nick Denko, Stanford |
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| Apr 6, 2009 Clark Auditorium Robert H. Mach, PhD Prof. Radiology Washington Univ. School of Medicine View Webcast
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The Sigma-2 Receptor: a Biomarker for Imaging the Proliferative Status of Solid Tumors
Abstract: The development of radiotracers for imaging cell proliferation in solid tumors has focused on radiolabeled thymidine analogs which measure the salvage pathway of DNA synthesis. However, since thymidine analogs provide a measure the S phase fraction of a tumor, they are unable to discriminate between proliferating cells in G1 and G2/M phases of the cell cycle and cancer cells driven into quiescence (G0) by nutrient deprivation and hypoxia. This talk will focus on the characterization of the sigma-2 receptor as a Ki-67-like biomarker for imaging cell proliferation, and the development of radiotracers for imaging the sigma-2 receptor status of solid tumors in vivo with Positron Emission Tomography (PET). |
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| Apr 27, 2009 | Planar cell polarity: from cells to tissues to organisms Jeff Axelrod Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, Stanford. |
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| May 4, 2009 | 18F-labeled RGD peptides: an update Scott Liu (Chen lab) |
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| May 11, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Alexander L. (Sasha) Kalibanov, PhD Prof, Div of CV Med & Dept of Biomed Eng University of Virginia |
Targeted Microbubbles - Ultrasound Contrast Agents for Molecular Imaging and Drug Delivery
Abstract: Ultrasound traditionally (8-15 years ago) was regarded as an imaging modality unfit for targeted/molecular imaging. However, microbubble contrast agents can be decorated with targeting ligands, and ligand-targeted bubbles do attach to the receptor-coated surfaces quite effectively. Clinical ultrasound imaging systems allow detection of individual microbubbles (with micrometer size and picogram mass). Therefore, molecular imaging with ultrasound contrast agents is feasible. |
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| June 1, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Duane A. Mitchell, MD, PhD Asst. Prof., Neurology Assoc. Dir., Duke Brain Tumor Immunotherapy Program View Webcast
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Adoptive Cellular Therapy for Treatment of Malignant Glioma: Opportunities for Bioimaging | ||||
| June 8, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Bertrand Tavitian, MD Prof. Biochem Head, Laboratoire d'Imagerie moléculaire expérimentale (Experimental Molecular imaging Lab) at the CEA-Inserm in Orsay, France View Webcast
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Molecular imaging with oligonucleotides
Abstract: Molecular Imaging can assess gene expression non–invasively, repeatedly and quantitatively in living subjects. Pharmaco-Imaging of oligonucleotides allows quantifying in 3-D and in the whole bodies of animals and Humans the bio-distribution time course of antisense, aptamers, interfering RNAs, ribozymes, etc. The methodology and examples of applications for the assessment of targeting and delivery of oligonucleotides will be presented. Use of oligonucleotides as diagnostic contrast agents is a longer way ahead of us and remains still an open question. It will require that a sufficient contrast is obtained in vivo and a correlation between tracer and target concentrations, two issues that are yet to be demonstrated. |
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| June 15, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Kurt Zinn, DVM, PhD Prof. Rad, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) |
Cancer Therapy Targeting Death Receptor 5
Abstract: TBD |
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| June 29, 2009 | Targeted Molecular Imaging, a Random and a Rational Approach Julie Sutcliffe, Ph.D, Associate Professor, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, UC Davis, CA |
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| July 6, 2009 | A Cell-compatible Condensation Reaction for Controlled In Vivo Synthesis of Nanostructures Marybeth Pysz, Willmann lab Clinically-Translatable Microbubbles for Cancer Detection and Monitoring with Molecular Ultrasound Gaolin Liang, Rao Lab |
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| July 13, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Steven Conolly, PhD UC Berkeley Bioengineering Chair, UCSF/UC Berkeley Graduate Group in BioE Vice Chair of Undergraduate Affairs |
Instrumentation for MRI and Magnetic Nano-Particle Imaging
Abstract: My research group at Berkeley focuses on instrumentation advances for medical imaging, with a special emphasis in magnetic imaging methods. Here I will overview two recent research projects, conducted in collaboration with Stanford researchers. Magnetic Nano-Particle Imaging is a brand new imaging modality that offers 300 micron resolution, no attenuation with depth, and has great promise for 100-fold increase in Contrast to Noise Ratio (CNR) relative to MRI using an FDA-approved SPIO contrast agent. This could be useful for stem cell tracking in vivo, inflammation imaging, angiography, and cancer imaging. My group has built the first MPI scanner in North America. PG Foam for High Field MRI Shimming we have developed a new composite material that matches a human's magnetic susceptibility. We use pyrolytic graphite micro-crystals embedded in a comfortable closed cell foam. We plan to use this to improve the main field homogeneity to 1 ppm despite the 9 ppm field inhomogeneity introduced at the air-tissue interface. This is the level of homogeneity needed for fast imaging, and robust detection of breast cancer. |
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| July 20, 2009 | Multimodality Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Monica Dua, MD, Dalman Lab |
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| July 27, 2009 | TBD |
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| Aug 3, 2009 | Molecular profiling of tumor angiogenesis with ultrasound Nirupama Suresh DeshPande, Willmann Lab Molecular Imaging of Malignant Melanoma Using Peptide and Small Molecule Based PET Probes Gang Ren, Cheng Lab |
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| Aug 10, 2009 Clark Auditorium TBD |
TBD
Abstract: CANCELLED |
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| Aug 17, 2009 | Optogenetics: development and application Karl Deisseroth, MD, PhD Associate Professor of Bioengineering and Psychiatry, Stanford University |
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| Aug 24, 2009 | Optical Imaging to Guide Surgical Resection of Head and Neck Cancer Eben Rosenthal, PhD Julius Hicks Professor of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham |
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| Aug 31, 2009 | Molecular Imaging of Cancer Metastases and the Pre-metastatic Niche Carolyn Anderson, PhD Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO |
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| Sept 14, 2009 Clark Auditorium TBD |
TBD
Abstract: CANCELLED |
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| Sept 21, 2009 | Imaging metabolic reprogramming in cancer Nicholas Denko, MD, PhD Assistant Professor, Dept. of Radiology Oncology, Stranford |
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| Sept 28, 2009 | TBD |
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| Oct 5, 2009 | Noninvasive imaging of human pluripotent stem cell derived teratomas Ning Sun, Wu Lab Multiple Antigen Peptides (MAPs) Strategy for Molecular Probe Design: Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Multivalent-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Analogs with MicroPET Simon Liu, Cheng lab |
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| Oct 12, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Raymond Kim, MD Assoc. Prof., Medicine Duke University |
Assessment of Myocardial Viability with Cardiac MRI (with introduction to CMR imaging concepts) Abstract Myocardial viability is defined as the presence of living heart muscle cells (myocytes), irrespective of whether or not these myocytes are actually able to contract. The identification of viable myocytes which are unable to contract is an important clinical issue. For example, percutaneous coronary intervention with the goal of revascularization is often performed with the expectation that regions of contractile dysfunction are viable and therefore will recover. Similarly, coronary artery bypass surgery is also expected to ameliorate dysfunctional regions provided that the cells remain viable. Revascularization of non-viable regions, conversely, does not improve contractile dysfunction and in this setting the procedure itself may be contraindicated by the small but finite risk of intervention. Traditionally, myocardial viability is assessed by dobutamine echocardiography or radionuclide scintigraphy. A number of MRI approaches to the clinical question of viability have been described in the literature, including dobutamine cine imaging performed in a manner similar to dobutamine echocardiography, spectroscopic imaging of nuclei such as phosphorus, sodium, and potassium, and straightforward geometric indices such as wall thickness and/or thickening; but these methods have limitations and have seen only limited clinical use. Recent advances in MRI techniques to visualize contrast enhancement patterns in the heart, however, have stimulated a growing body of evidence that suggests that delayed contrast-enhanced MRI may well be the "gold standard" approach to noninvasively image myocardial viability. This seminar will explore basic imaging principles in the evaluation of reversible and irreversible myocardial injury and compare delayed-enhancement MRI with currently available techniques for the assessment of myocardial viability. |
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| Oct 19, 2009 | TBD Philip Yang Cardiovascular Med., Stanford |
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| Oct 26, 2009 | From Radiological Image-guided to Biological Image Guided Radiation Therapy Lei Xing Professor, Stanford University School of Medicine |
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| Nov 2, 2009 | Protein Scaffold Based Probes for Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Molecular Imaging Zheng Miao, PhD, Cheng Lab Synthesis and Evaluation of PET Radiotracers Targeting CA-IX for Hypoxia Imaging Sandeep Apte, PhD, Graves Lab |
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| Nov 9, 2009 Clark Auditorium TBD |
TBD
Abstract: CANCELLED |
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| Nov 16, 2009 | TBD Minal Vasanawala Stanford Nuclear Medicine VA Clinic |
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| Nov 23, 2009 Clark Auditorium John M Canty, Jr, MD Albert and Elizabeth Rekate Prof Chief, Cardiovascular Medicine Vice Chair for Research, Dept of Medicine University at Buffalo |
Molecular Imaging of Viable Chronically Dysfunctional Myocardium
Abstract: There has been substantial progress in the diagnosis and management of patients with symptomatic ischemic heart disease. Nevertheless, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) due to ventricular fibrillation continues to be the leading cause of mortality. While we understand how to identify the highest risk patients with heart failure and can prevent arrhythmic death using implantable defibrillators, the majority of SCA events occur in patients with lower risk and normal or relatively preserved LV function. Indeed, nearly one in three patients present with SCA as their first and only manifestation of heart disease. Postmortem evaluation of these patients identifies diffuse coronary disease which is frequently without evidence of coronary plaque instability. Thus total thrombotic occlusion and/or evidence of acute infarction (as well as healed infarction) are commonly absent. Identifying these patients before SCA remains a major problem in cardiovascular medicine where there has been little if any progress. Our laboratory has demonstrated that chronic reversible ischemia can lead to myocyte remodeling in the absence of infarction or scar that allows the heart to downregulate energy utilization and function resulting in the phenomenon of "hibernating myocardium". While adapted to ischemia, the molecular remodeling in hibernating myocardium leads to a substrate that is vulnerable to SCA from spontaneous ventricular tachycardia degenerating into ventricular fibrillation. Like patients with SCA, VT/VF develops in the absence of acute or chronic infarction. We hypothesize that asymptomatic repetitive myocardial ischemia leads to a similar molecular remodeling in patients who die of SCA without prior cardiac symptoms, infarction or heart failure. A number of molecular targets of ischemia-induced remodeling have been identified using high-throughput proteomics. Using PET molecular imaging, we have demonstrated that the classic features of hibernating myocardium (reduced regional function, resting flow and increased myocardial glucose uptake assessed with 18F-2-deoxyflucose) are accompanied by pronounced regional inhomogeneity in myocardial sympathetic innervation with reduced 11C-meta-hydroxyephedrine (HED) uptake in presynaptic myocardial sympathetic nerves. While similar to the denervation occurring following myocardial infarction, reduced HED occurs in viable, perfused myocardial tissue and is associated with a regional attenuation in sympathetic nerve function. We have translated these preclinical observations to humans with ischemic cardiomyopathy in an ongoing clinical study (PAREPET, Prediction of Arrhythmic Events with Positron Emission Tomography). The PAREPET study will determine whether molecular imaging of myocardial sympathetic innervation, viability and flow can be used to more accurately predict patients with coronary artery disease that are at highest risk for SCA. The successful translation of findings from bench to bedside may lead to a unique new application of cardiac molecular imaging that can be employed to identify myocardial substrate remodeling that increase the risk of SCA in asymptomatic patients. |
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| Nov 23, 2009 | TBD John M Canty, Jr, MD, Department of Medicine University at Buffalo |
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| Dec 7, 2009 Clark Auditorium  Robert Jeraj, PhD Assoc. Prof. Univ. Wisc. Madison |
Abstract: |
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| Dec 14, 2009 | TBD Jeremy Pearl, Wu Lab TBD Arne Vandenbroucke, Levin Lab |
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| Dec 21, 2009 | TBD Juergen Willman, MD, PhD Assistant Professor of Radiology (section abdominal imaging), Stanford University School of Medicine |
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Sponsored by: Molecular Imaging Program at Stanford (MIPS) (mips.stanford.edu); Host: Director, Sanjiv Sam Gambhir, MD, PhD (sgambhir@stanford.edu) Supported by: GE Medical Systems (http://www.gehealthcare.com/worldwide.html) Archived Molecular Seminar Series - 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | 2003-2004 If you would like to be included on the MIPS email distribution list for weekly meeting reminders, contact Susan Singh. |
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| Updated November 20, 2009 | |||||
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